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Do you know about the types and methods of controlling pests and diseases of pepper plants? This plant is of course very familiar because it is widely used in various kinds of food preparations.
Apart from that, pepper is one of Indonesia’s export strengths, found in the Bangka area which is one of the main producers of this plant.
However, you need to know that currently the product of this plant is decreasing every year, there are many factors that cause this problem, but the most important thing is the pests and diseases that attack.
There are several types of diseases that commonly attack this plant, such as jaundice, stem rot disease and curl disease.
It is not surprising that farmers really have to cultivate this plant according to recommendations along with maximum care to minimize these problems, this is very important so that the quality produced can be maximized and avoid losses.
Types of Pests and Diseases of Pepper Plants
In order not to fail in cultivating pepper plants, it would be good to know the things that bother them. The following are several types of pests and diseases of pepper plants:
1. Pepper Stem Borer
This is a type of pest that if allowed to continue will be very detrimental to farmers.
Because over time the larvae or gama jni will bore into the branches and stems, the initial symptoms are usually leaves that become woody and change color to yellowish.
Meanwhile, parts that have been infested by pests become dry and susceptible to breaking, resulting in the plant dying or production being reduced, resulting in farmers experiencing losses.
2. Flower Sucking Pests
As the name suggests, this pest will generally damage flowers and flower bunches both in the nymph and adult stages.
Symptoms of attacks caused by this pest will initially result in bunches that are damaged, have an unusual shape, and fruit that is smaller than usual. If left untreated, the flowers will become damaged and fall, and the stems will turn black.
3. Fruit Sucking Pests
This type of pest can attack any plant, one of which is the pepper plant. Generally, this pest will start to actively attack in the morning and evening, while during the day it will hide inside the plant canopy.
If this continues, it will be very detrimental because it can damage 36% of the plant.
This type of pest causes damage by sucking flower fluid, flower shoots, leaves and stems. The symptoms it causes are black spots on the fruit, young fruit falling so that the bunches become empty.
4. Jaundice
This disease is one of the main diseases that attacks this plant because it is caused by nematodes.
The level of freshness of the soil, humidity and water content will influence the growth of this disease, it is not surprising that in the Bangka and Kalimantan areas this disease can be found there.
Plant attacks by these nematodes can reduce production yields by 80%. Plants that have been infected by these nematodes will make the plants more sensitive to drought and nutrient deficiencies.
Symptoms of this disease can be seen on the tops and roots of the soil surface.
5. Root Rot Disease
This disease is also very detrimental to farmers because it can cause plants to die quickly. The typical symptoms of this disease are a blue-black color that appears on the stalks and black spots appear on the leaves. The symptoms themselves can be clearly seen on young green leaves.
6. Curly Disease
This disease can occur because the plant is attacked by a virus, although it is not considered fatal, but if left unchecked it will inhibit the growth of the plant itself.
Symptoms include small and wrinkled leaves accompanied by a yellow color on the leaves.
How to Control Pests and Diseases of Pepper Plants
Considering that pepper is a staple and export commodity, it is very important for farmers to carry out various types of care for this plant, first by paying attention to cultivation methods.
If you follow this recommendation, it will minimize future problems. Apart from that, you don’t always have to use chemicals, but first look at the condition of the plant whether it is attacked by pests with high intensity or not.
Of course, healthy cultivation begins with healthy planting materials, sick seeds will certainly not be as good as healthy cloth seeds, so this must be paid attention to from the start, when you have implemented a good cultivation process you will avoid problems that could occur.
Apart from that, control using biological and chemical methods can also be carried out to overcome these problems, even as a daost to overcome BPB disease and jaundice.
This step is best done from the start by combining organic materials and pieces of reeds.
Meanwhile, to control pests and jaundice, spraying can be done with a pesticide containing the active ingredient carbofuran combined with organic materials. Apart from pesticides, a combination of organic materials with pasteria panetrans bacteria can also overcome the problem of jaundice in plants.
That’s the discussion this time regarding Types and Methods of Controlling Pests and Diseases of Pepper Plants. Hope it helps.
Also Read: Classification and Morphology of Pepper Plants
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